Laying hens are a commodity that is favored by the community in meeting the needs of animal protein. In raising laying hens, there are several risks that must be considered. This study aims to analyze the source of the risk faced in laying hens, the level of risk priority, as well as the strategy of managing the risk of laying hens business conducted by laying hen farmers at the research site, namely Selopuro Village, Selopuro Subdistrict, Blitar District. Respondents to the study were conducted by census method of 62 laying hen husbandry. Fishbone Diagram was used to analyze root cause analysis. In analyzing the level of risk, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) was used, and management strategy was analyzed descriptively qualitatively related to livestock management. From the results of the study there are two sources of risk, which are production risk and price risk. The highest production risk is characterized by the presence of climate warming, disease attacks, weather changes, capital limitations, poor feed quantity and quality, as well as pest attacks. Meanwhile, the price risk is characterized by a decrease in egg price and an increase in feed price. Therefore, several strategies can be explained, namely by developing adaptive cages, preventing and handling pests and diseases, expanding distribution channels and establishing cooperation, and improving the quality of human resources.

Farmers' perceptions of the AUTP program are important to achieve the success of this program, with good perceptions and supported by active participation, agricultural insurance as a guarantor of the risk of farming failure for farmers will run accordingly, so that the purpose of agricultural insurance will be achieved. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence farmers' perceptions, analyze farmers' perceptions of the Rice Farming Insurance program (AUTP), analyze farmers' expectations on the Rice Farming Insurance program (AUTP) in Sidoarjo Regency. The research location was chosen purposively in Sidoarjo Regency. There are many farmers in the area who follow and have experienced rice farming insurance (AUTP) and also this area is often flooded due to the lowlands. data from the Food and Agriculture Service of Sidoarjo Regency, farmers who have these criteria are in the districts of Balongbendo, Tulangan, Taman, Tanggulangin and Candi. The total population is 131 farmers, so the number of samples is 33 people. The analysis in this study uses descriptive analysis, regression and Likert scale. The results of the study are that 1. Simultaneously the influence of the variables of age, education, land area, length of farming and AUTP knowledge is real at the 95% level, a good perception of the Rice Farming Insurance program (AUTP) means that farmers accept the existence of the AUTP program and have a good view of which is good for the AUTP program in Sidoarjo Regency. Expectations for the Rice Farming Insurance (AUTP) program in Sidoarjo Regency are the most expected, namely expecting larger insurance claims, continuing AUTP, ongoing subsidies, additional quotas for bird pests entering claims, fixed premiums and uncomplicated procedures.

This research aims to examine the effect of the WPI (wholesale price index) on non-oil and gas exports, the area of private estates for Indonesian palm commodities and Malaysia's CPO production on the Indonesian CPO export volume (crude palm oil). The time series data of the export volume of Indonesian CPO for the period 2000-2021 showed trends in export volume going up, but recently in 2016, there started fluctuation. This study uses OLS (ordinary least square) method. The test results showed that the WPI (wholesale price index) of non-oil and gas exports, the area of private estates for Indonesian palm commodities and CPO production in Malaysia affected the export volume of Indonesian CPO. But, the wholesale price index of non-oil and gas exports got a non-significant and negative effect, WPI (wholesale price index) was a representation of the price, so it happened to cause the importer countries still pay attention to the price changes for the product and the importer country should be adjusted to the cost that must be incurred. Partially the area of private estates in Indonesia had a significant and positive effect and it happened because lands are one of the factors that can increase the production value. Malaysian CPO (crude palm oil) production had a positive and significant effect cause the need for CPO (crude palm oil) product are still growing, so that means both countries were not competitors.

The purpose of this research is to identify the characteristics of the smoked fish business, analyze the costs, revenues, income, and business feasibility of the smoked fish business after the Covid-19 pandemic, and determine the behavior of smoked fish producers after the Covid-19 pandemic from a social and economic perspective. The research location was deliberately determined in Kejawen Lor. The results of the research average revenue analysis of Rp. 37,217,500, analysis of the average income of Rp. 4.163.129, - the feasibility analysis is said to be feasible with an R/C ratio > 1, and the results of the BEP receipts are Rp. 1,382,319. From the observation on the social side, 95% of smoked fish entrepreneurs are kind to producers and consumers, 25% do not comply with health protocols, 95% have workers, 100% have independent/individual businesses, and 100% smoked fish entrepreneurs dare to compete with other entrepreneurs in Indonesia. Kejawen Lor and accept the advantages of business competitors in marketing the smoked fish business. From an economic point of view, smoked raw materials have increased so that producers reduce production on a large scale, the income earned by traders after the pandemic is relatively stable and there is a slight increase and the selling price of smoked fish also does not increase too much.

The marketing of cayenne pepper is different from other agricultural commodities, because the price of cayenne pepper is always fluctuating. In a marketing, it involves marketing institutions to distribute cayenne pepper to the final consumer. This study aims to (i) Describe the marketing channels and functions of each marketing channel, (ii) Analyze the margins and marketing costs of each marketing channel in Pucuk Village, Dawarblandong District, Mojokerto Regency. This research was conducted in Pucuk Village in April - May 2022. The sampling technique of farmers was accidental sampling by taking 10% of the total population of cayenne pepper farmers and the sample of marketing institutions was carried out by snowball sampling. Data analysis methods using descriptive analysis and marketing margin analysis. The results of this study are that there are 2 marketing channels, namely marketing channel I consisting of intermediary traders, large traders and retail traders. Marketing channel II consists of large traders and retail traders. All marketing institutions perform different marketing functions, tailored to the needs of each marketing institution. The marketing margin on marketing channel I is Rp. 31.500/kg and on marketing channel II is Rp. 24.000/kg. Marketing costs in marketing channel I amounted to Rp. 6.186,17/kg while marketing channel II amounted to Rp. 4.552,05 / kg.

Catfish farming with a partnership system is one of the most promising aquaculture businesses to cultivate. In Bingkulu Village, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province, one of the pioneers of the catfish Breeding and Rearing business with a partnership system. The objectives of this study were to (1) Describe the partnership pattern for breeding and rearing businesses in Bingkulu Village, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province and (2) Assess the feasibility of catfish cultivating businesses partnering with nursery and rearing businesses in Bingkulu Village, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province. Descriptive methods and questionnaire methods were used to collect data. According to the findings of the study, the partnership pattern between fish cultivators and the nursery and expansion business in Bingkulu Village, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province was an agribusiness operational partnership system (KOA). The Breeding and Rearing business parties provided production facilities, transportation costs, market guarantees and technical guidance. Meanwhile, cultivators interested in participating in the partnership must have a rearing pond with a minimum capacity of 10,000 fish per period as well as a workforce. Furthermore, based on the feasibility analysis of catfish farming through a partnership in a Breeding and Rearing business in Bingkulu Village, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province, The Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) was 1.35, indicating that the business is profitable and feasible to grow.

One of the horticultural crops that has the potential to be developed is peppers, Tutur District, Pasuruan Regency is one of the largest paprika producing centers in East Java. Although, Tutur District is the center of peppers, the production of peppers always fluctuates. The harvest obtained by farmers is very influential on the income received. There are two types of paprika cultivation systems, namely hydroponics and non-hydroponics. This study aims to (1) Describe the reasons farmers apply the hydroponic and non-hydroponic paprika cultivation system, (2) Analyze the income obtained by farmers in using hydroponic and non-hydroponic systems in paprika farming in Tutur District, Pasuruan Regency. This research was conducted in, Tutur sub-district in January – February 2023. The technique of sampling farmers by census by making the entire population into a sample. The analysis methods used are descriptive analysis and revenue analysis. The results of this study are that there are several reasons farmers choose a cultivation system, namely the reasons farmers apply a hydroponic system, namely (1) Hereditary Business (2) The existence of the Ministry of Agriculture Program (3) Family and Social Ties. Then the reasons farmers do not apply hydroponics are (1) Limited Capital (2) Mixed Farming. The income of hydroponic and non-hydroponic pepper farmers is considered profitable but with the same area or scale of business, the revenue and profits obtained are very different, the average hydroponic pepper farming is Rp. 351,672,785 while the average non-hydroponic pepper farming is Rp. 158,777,053.

The growth of buying and selling transactions online in Indonesia is experiencing very rapid movement. The types of goods most traded on E-Commerce in 2020 were the food, beverage and food ingredients group with a percentage of 40.86%. According to the International Coffee Organization (ICO) coffee consumption in Indonesia has increased significantly every year, this is evidenced by the rise of coffee shops in Indonesia such as Kopi Konnichiwa. The aims of this research are 1) to identify the characteristics of consumers of Kopi Konnichiwa Pakuwon Mall Surabaya. 2) Describe and analyze the effect of service feature variables, discounts, product variety, and OVO payment methods on consumer decisions in buying Kopi Konnichiwa Pakuwon Mall Surabaya. In this study, the sample was taken using accidental sampling technique and obtained 100 respondents using the Lemeshow formula. The results of interviews with respondents were processed using descriptive analysis and SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis using the PLS (Partial Least Square) approach. The results of this study are 1) The characteristics of Kopi Konnichiwa Pakuwon Mall Surabaya consumers are dominated by women, aged between 21-25 years, have a history of recent education at the high school (SMA) and undergraduate level, then most work as private employees and have a scale of income between IDR 1,000,000 – IDR 5,000,000. 2) Service features and price discounts only have a significant influence on consumer decisions in buying Kopi Konnichiwa, because it has a p-value <0.05.

The dairy cattle commodity is still struggling with classic problems, the government admits that this livestock is less desirable, even by young farmers, currently the average age of dairy farmers is around 45 years or even more. The scale of dairy cow ownership has not moved from 2-3 heads, the milk production produced is also low, which is only 8-13 liters per head per day. Dairy farmers complain that concentrate prices continue to rise. The high number of imports was caused by domestic milk production being unable to meet domestic milk consumption, with growth tending to stagnate. At least around 70% of the need for milk consumption in Indonesia is met by imported milk, while the remaining 30% is from the contribution of domestic milk production. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the income of dairy cattle business in Wonosalam District and efforts to increase the income of dairy farmers in Wonosalam District. The method used in this research is descriptive method with a quantitative approach. Sampling used a non-random technique, namely purposive sampling. The results of the regression test prove that the factors affecting income that have a major influence are the cost of feed and the amount of milk production. The problems faced by dairy farmers in the current research area and sucounter measures litisthe impact of the spread of foot and mouth disease (FMD) does not only affect beef sales. Milk production of dairy cows also plunged. Permasa and the second largest is Forage feed in the dry season is difficult to obtain for breeders. Moor land during the dry season is difficult to obtain because forage cannot grow. Breeders have to look for forage in the fields or buy it from feed traders.