Given the development of the first high-speed railway (HSR) in Indonesia, Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway (JBHSR), this study examines appropriate operation and maintenance (O&M) strategies based on the resource restrictions of the project owner, PT. Kereta Cepat Indonesia China (KCIC). The study is guided by the Resource-Based View (RBV), Transaction Cost Economics (TCE), Dynamic Capabilities Theory (DCT) and (Capability Maturity Model) CMM concepts. The research combines secondary data collecting with primary data gathered from in-depth interviews with KCIC stakeholders to comprehend the organization's current resources and needs. Comparing the O&M tactics of HSRs in Europe, Japan, and China reveals that independent O&M, open track access, and outsourcing are the most prevalent strategies in each region. Nevertheless, given KCIC's current capabilities, the report recommends an initial plan of integrated outsourcing and training, followed by a transition to partial independence supported by technical consultation and advanced training, and finally independent operations and maintenance. The research emphasizes the importance of strategic planning and phased development strategy in managing the O&M of JBHSR when resources are limited.

Consumer behavior and preferences in the foodservice industry experienced a profound shift in the post-Covid-19 era. This transformation significantly impacted the competitiveness and profitability of businesses like Backmee Spicy Noodles and Wonton. To address these challenges, this research explores consumer behaviour and the evolving marketplace and proposes a strategic framework to maintain a competitive edge. Analysis of the survey results and in-depth evaluation of customer segments guide the formation of new marketing strategies. The comprehensive staff training program, innovative menu development, and strategic expansion of dine-in services cater to customer preferences, enhance customer relationships, and drive revenue streams. These strategies align with Backmee Spicy Noodles and Wonton's goal of staying competitive and relevant in the evolving foodservice landscape. The proposed implementation plan incorporates budget allocation to ensure the successful execution of the recommended strategies. This research aims to serve as a practical guide for businesses in the foodservice industry facing similar challenges, offering insights on adapting to changing consumer preferences and achieving sustainable growth.

Despite the complete portfolio in plant-based and cultivated meat technology, GEA, as one of the leading providers of machines and full process line for food and beverage industry, has not managed to sell a single project yet for the meat alternatives applications in Indonesia. The high price, lack of dedicated personnel, no supporting regulation, and low investment in the industry contribute to the absence of demand and no sales to GEA in the meat alternatives segment. This research aims to help GEA gain sales from eat alternative industry in Indonesia. An integrated framework of design thinking and blue ocean shift is used to propose a suitable business strategy and create new value which GEA can offer to the customers. In line with the framework, one-on-one in-depth interview to several key stakeholders is carried out with a customer-centric approach to deep dive the business issue. The study shows that GEA needs to eliminate a complicated order process with customer, reduce the price structure, raise the awareness and education of new food, and create small-scale capacity machines and business accelerator, in order to make a leap into the blue ocean. In the short-term, GEA can make the price more competitive by local sourcing the simple accessories of the machines and offering rental machines for meat alternatives production. Additionally, GEA should eliminate complicated order process and provide new food process consultancy services. The long-term plan will be for GEA to launch small-scale machines and create strategic partnership through a business accelerator program.