Key findings:

The neem tree, known for its insecticidal properties, offers a natural solution to control virus vectors. Various parts of the neem tree contain ingredients effective against insects, and these can be applied as diluted sprays. Neem (Azadirachta indica) is widely distributed across India, including in regions where it is predominantly found.

What is known and what is new?

Neem's insecticidal properties have long been recognized in traditional agriculture. What's new is the growing scientific validation of its efficacy against virus vectors. This research highlights the diverse applications of neem extracts for pest control, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides.

What is the implication, and what should change now?

The implication of this research is significant for agriculture, particularly in regions where virus vectors pose a threat to crops. The use of neem extracts as an insecticide can reduce reliance on synthetic pesticides, which can have harmful effects on the environment and human health. Farmers and policymakers should consider promoting and implementing the use of neem-based insecticides as a safer and more sustainable alternative.

There are found varieties of insect vectors with different potentialities and capabilities of transmitting the viruses of different groups and thus spread viral diseases on plants, also of different genera , families and species . Neem is found to be having Azadirachtin potent natural ingredient product, effective for wide range of control measures. Different parts of neem tree are found to be having other ingredients also like Nimbin, Kulinone, Kulolactone and triterpennoids etc., overall  neem tree is found to be having its own significance and importance. 

The whole of the neem tree or its different parts as is the requirement are picked up, then after thoroughly washing, cleaned and then dried by keeping in medium range temperature adjustment in drier or is dried as such naturally by placing in open bright light conditions. Usually leaves are freshly grinded powdered, dissolved in water and then extraction is obtained by further chemical processes. The insecticidal ingredients are  obtained for the experiments to proceed may be used.

Observations, findings and analysis

Naturally, there are wide varieties of plants also which are prone to viral diseases also along with cultivated crops.  Both types of plants are commercially important to enhance the quality and standard for the human welfare. Depending on the type of crop to be cultivated then accordingly neem tree ingredient products are selected for foliar spraying mostly and then other parts also. If needed, the mixture spraying is preferred. The sprayings should be of different concentration each time in increasing way but upto certain limits. Recently it is also being analysed and sorted out that which part ingredient should be applied for other categories of plants. 

Co-ordination and Co-operation between cultivation and sprayings by keeping in mind the time factor of varying weather conditions good results could be obtained. 

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding: No funding sources 

Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of I.T. College Lucknow

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